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:1001-4675(2009)03-0306-063,(,100193):,,,1.8107t/a,60%,,:;;;;:X171.1:A,1-2??,?,,,1,,,3,,,,,,,(),()()4,1,5,,18603.10107t/a20901.03108t/a,20501.95108t/a6,,,,7,8-9,,10,22.1,,26320095ARIDZONERESEARCHVol.26No.3May20093:2008-11-24;:2009-01-06:(20577068);(NCET-06-0111):(1969-),,,,.E-mail:liu310@cau.edu.cn2.1.1,(),11,,,,-,122.1.2,,(NH3),13,:(InferentialMeth2od)14,,,,;,,,(),15,,,,,,(1100),,(),Denuder(DELTA),162.1.3,,,,,15N17-182.22.2.1,,,+,,(10),,192080,15,,2.2.2:15NITNI(IntegralTotalNitrogenInput)-20;,/21ITNI15N,(),15N,15N20,22,15N5%Ca(NO3)2/,,,()15N,,7033:,/,,23,(),,(),21,233,,,,2420,()(312kg/hm2),5%10%2080,1520kg/hm225,,,22Broadbalk,(44kg/hm2),9kg/hm226,Weigel27HalleITNI(15N),5060kg/hm2,,8090kg/hm222,1/311,28,,,,,15,29,,,?,,,29,,11,600mm30,,()1.3mg/L,(9.60106km2)7.50106t/a,1.50106t/a,1/4(30kg/hm2),3/4,(2.00106t/a)(5.00105t/a)(5.00105t/a),1.80107t/a,60%30,7.00106t/a,1/4,,,,,,,27kg/hm25kg/hm228,31,,69,2/3,(1,,),(25kg/hm2,)(1525kg/hm2,)(15kg/hm2,),,,,80326,,(),200541617,2d6000t,4kg/hm232,33:,(2000)1Fig.1AnnualfluxesofNwetdepositioninagroecosystemsinthemainregionsofChina4,,,,,,32,15N(ITNI),-8090kg/hm2,50kg/hm2225080kg/hm2,,,,Tilman,10kg/hm2,17%()3430,,,20807.20106t/a20001.63107t/a(1)35,2080,?,?,,,9033:12080NH3NOxTab.1NH3andNOxdischargestoatmospherecausedbyhumanactivitiesinChinasincethe1980s/(106ta-1)NH3-NNOx-N1980-19895.841.417.251990-19999.542.6912.22000-200612.04.3116.39.132.6311.7:,()5,2080(NADPEMAP),,()29,9,36,,,,,(),,,(NADP)(),,(References):1VitousekPM,AberJD,HowarthRW,etal.Humanalterationoftheglobalnitrogencycle:sourcesandconsequencesJ.Eco2logicalApplications,1997,7:737-750.2.J.,2004,17():185-186.LiuXuejun.Atmosphericnitrogendepositionanditsimpactonnutri2entinputtoagroecosystemsinChinaJ.XinanNongyeXuebao,2004,17(suppl.):185-186.3.M.:,2003.ZhangFusuo.IntegratedNutrientResourceManage2mentM.Beijing:ChinaAgriculturalUniversityPress,2003.4CornellSE,JickellsTD,CapeJN,etal.Organicnitrogendep2ositiononlandandcoastalenvironments:areviewofmethodsanddataJ.AtmosphericEnvironment,2003,37:2173-2191.5HollandEA,DentenerFJ,BraswellBH,etal.Contemporaryandpre2industrialglobalreactivenitrogenbudgetsJ.Biogeochemis2try,1999,46:7-43.6GallowayJN,DentenerFJ,CaponeDG,etal.Nitrogencycles:past,present,andfutureJ.Biogeochemistry,2004,70:153-226.7MatsonP,LohseKA,HallSJ.Theglobalizationofnitrogendepo2sition:consenquencesforterrestrialecosystemsJ.Ambio,2002,31:113-119.8PaerlHW.Enhancementofmarineprimaryproductionbynitro2gen2enrichedacidrainJ.Nature,1985,315:747-749.9StevensCJ,DiseNB,MountfordO,etal.Impactofnitrogendep2ositiononthespeciesrichnessofgrasslandsJ.Science,2004,303:1876-1879.10DentenerF,DrevetJ,LamarqueJF.Nitrogenandsulfurdepositiononregionalandglobalscales:AmultimodelevaluationJ.GlobalBiogeochemicalCycles,2006,20:GB4003,doi:10.1029/2005GB002672.11LiuXJ,JuXT,ZhangY,etal.Nitrogendepositioninagroecosys2temsintheBeijingareaJ.Agriculture,Ecosystems&Environ2ment,2006,113:370-377.12,,.J.,2007,27(9):3828-3834.ZhengLixia,LiuXuejun,ZhangFusuo.Atmosphericdepositionoforganicnitrogen:AreviewJ.ActaEcologiaSinica,2007,27(9):3828-3834.13SchjoerringJK,MattssonM.Quantificationofammoniaexchangebetweenagriculturalcroplandandtheatmosphere:Measurementsovertwocompletegrowthcyclesofoilseedrape,wheat,barleyandpeaJ.PlantandSoil,2001,228:105-115.14SchmittaM,ThÊnibL,WaldneraP,etal.Totaldepositionofnitro2genonSwisslong2termforestecosystemresearch(LWF)plots:ComparisonofthethroughfallandtheinferentialmethodJ.At2mosphericEnvironment,2005,39:1079-1091.15FowlerD,CoyleM,FlechardC,etal.Advancesinmicrometeo2rologicalmethodsforthemeasurementandinterpretationofgasandparticlenitrogenfluxesJ.PlantandSoil,2001,228:117-129.16ShenJL,LiuXJ,FangmeierA,etal.HighconcentrationsanddepositionratesofreactiveNspeciesintheNorthChinaPlainim2plyaseriousairpollutionproblemfromanthropogenicsourcesJ.EnvironmentalPollution,2008,inreview.17AvelineA.SoilNuptakeandbiologicalNfixation:abalancedsystemingrainlegumecropsJ.GrainLegumes,1996,14:13-15.18HardarsonG,DansoSKA.Methodsformeasuringbiologicalni2trogenfixationingrainlegumesJ.PlantandSoil,1993,152:19-23.19JenkinsonDS,PoultonPR,JohnstonAE,etal.Turnoverofni2trogen2152labeledfertilizerinoldgrasslandJ.SoilScienceSoci2etyofAmericanJournal,2004,68:865-875.20RussowR,BohmeF,NeueHU.AnewapproachtodeterminethetotalairborneNinputintothesoil2plantsystemusing15Nisotopedilution(ITNI):resultsforagriculturalareasincentralGermanyJ.TheScientificWorld,2001,1(S2):255-260.0132621SuttonMA,PitcairnCER,WhitfieldCP.BioindicatorandBio2monitoringMethodsforAssessingtheEffectsofAtmosphericNitro2genonStatutoryNatureConservationSitesM.JNCCReportNo.356.Availableonline::395-400.23PitcairnC,FowlerD,LeithI,etal.Diagnosticindicatorsofele2vatednitrogendepositionJ.EnvironmentalPollution,2006,144:941-950.24NADP.NitrogenintheNationsRainM.AvailableOnline:ht2tp://nadp.swa.uiuc.edu,2004.25,