脉冲强磁场发展技术

:197742000:2002-05-15:2003-01-2026320033Vol.26,No.3March2003NUCLEARTECHNIQUES430074TM836,TM9371820Ampere19851998Lueven[1]1sNHMFL45T[2]150T50100T100T100T111000ms50T50100T0.1ms[3]5mm186261Table1MajorpulsedmagneticfieldlaboratoriesintheworldEnergy/kJVoltage/kVMethodofgeneratingmagneticfield28530773.3(280T1μs606T750T)Electromagneticfluxcompression(280Tfor1μs,recordfor606Trecently,aimingat750Tnow)100040400040150010()Multihundredteslaelectromagneticfluxcompression(Designatingcapacitorbanksforinitialflux)2005/10323.3(45T20ms80T)Wire-woundcoils(45Tfor2ms,80Tmagnetunderconstruction)TokyoUniversity10040(10250T300T)Asingleturncoil(10250T,recordfor300T)25020OsakaUniversity125026.6/40(4070T1s80T90T)Free-standinghelicesmadefrommaragingsteel(4070Tforlessthan1s,80Tobtainedrecently,aimingat90Tnow)ServiceNationaldesChampsMagnetiquesPulses,Toulouse125010(40T1s)Wire-woundcoil(40Tforlessthan1s)LeuvenUniversity10005/10Wire-woundcoilI.V.KurchatovI.V.KurchatovAtomicInstitute,Moscow1905(50T15ms)Wire-woundcoil(Wirewithsuperconductingcoreforextrastrength,50Tfor15ms)UniversityofAmsterdam15000.668.2MW(,40T1s)8.2MWdirectlyfromthemains(Thyristor-controlled,40Tfor1s)LosAlamos65000041430MVA/650MJ(60T100ms)1430MVA/650MJgenerator(Longpulse,60Tfor100ms)3μs150T300THumboldt250T300T[4]mm1ms200T5MJ/40kV1.5MJ/10kV606T[5]750TPavlovaskii1600T[6]SarovPavlovaskii18732100T2.1kAkAcm3kJ20mm2kg200kJ50T10ms220°C2.2100T4GPa[7]50T50T50T90Cu-NbNbjNb=0.18UTSUltimatetensilestrengthS=960MPa1.4377KS1240MPa300K77Kr300Kr77K3.5Cu-AgCu-NbCu-AgAgxAg=0.16S1000MPa1.25[8]Cu-Nb[9]2S2-KevlarseUT2Table2PropertiesofreinforcementmaterialsincommonusesUT/GPaModulus/GPaeUTEE-glass3.4733.3FibreglassS2S2-glass4.6905.4CeramicfibreAl2O31.82101HT4.75.72502.1IM4.42851.5CarbonfibreHM4.64.94000.6HT2.8803.3KevlarfibreHM2.81402HT:Highstrength;IM:Intermediatemodulus;HM:Highmodulus350T50100TUTS2GPa80T90T1882680T100T100T100T[10]:(1)Lorentz;(2)Cu-AgCu-NbOsaka90TLosAlamos100T100T4123040TX360T4100T1FederT.PhysicsToday,Feb.1999,52:59602.,1996,25:552555CaoXiaowen.Physics,1996,25:5525553HerlachF.StrongandUltrastrongMagneticFieldsandTheirApplications,Springer-Verlag,1985,BerlinHeidelberg,NewYork,Tokyo4Pernambuco-WiseP,Schneider-MuntauHJ,VanBockstalL,etal.IEEETransactionsonMagnetics,July1994,30(4):222622285MiuraN,MatsudaYH,UchidaK,etal.PhysicaB2001294-295:5625676HerlachF.PhysicaB2001294-295:5005047FritzFerlach.PhysicaB1998246-247:1521578.,1997,26:735739LIUZhimin.Physics,1997,26:7357399MontgomeryD.B.SolenoidMagnetDesign.NewYork,Wiley-Interscience,1969.81210HerlachF.Physica.1999,62:859920TechnicaldevelopmentofstrongpulsedmagnetPENGTaoGUChenglin(CollegeofElectricalandElectronicEngineering,HuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Wuhan430074)AbstractDevelopmentsofpulsedmagneticfieldsintheworldarereviewedinbrieffirst,andsomedetailsdealingwiththegeneratingmethods,developinglevelandproblemsexistinginthemagneticfielddesignsarediscussed.Finally,asimpleextensionaboutitsfuturedevelopmentsispresented.KeywordsHighmagneticfield,Pulsedmagneticfield,MagnetsCLCTM836,TM937