分类号学号M200973194学校代码10487密级硕士学位论文有机复合调理剂对生活污泥脱水性能的影响研究学位申请人:侯海攀学科专业:环境工程指导教师:濮文虹副教授答辩日期:2012年1月9日AThesisSubmittedinPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirementsfortheDegreeoftheMasterofEngineeringStudyonEffectofComplexOrganicConditionersonSewageSludgeDewateringCandidate:HouHaipanMajor:EnvironmentalEngineeringSupervisor:AssociateProf.PuWenhongHuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnologyWuhan430074,P.R.ChinaJan,2012独创性声明本人声明所呈交的学位论文是我个人在导师指导下进行的研究工作及取得的研究成果。尽我所知,除文中已经标明引用的内容外,本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的研究成果。对本文的研究做出贡献的个人和集体,均已在文中以明确方式标明。本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担。学位论文作者签名:日期:年月日学位论文版权使用授权书本学位论文作者完全了解学校有关保留、使用学位论文的规定,即:学校有权保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和电子版,允许论文被查阅和借阅。本人授权华中科技大学可以将本学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索,可以采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编本学位论文。保密□,在年解密后适用本授权书。不保密□。(请在以上方框内打“√”)学位论文作者签名:指导教师签名:日期:年月日日期:年月日本论文属于华中科技大学硕士学位论文I摘要随着城市污水处理率的提高,城市污水处理厂数量逐渐增加,使得市政污泥产量越来越大。市政污泥有机物含量高、呈胶体粘质状,不易脱水,由于含有很多致病细菌,不经妥善处理露天放置或者储运,都会给周边环境带来二次污染问题。骨架构建体可解决污泥有机物含量高带来的易压缩性问题,表面活性剂能降低毛细张力,改变水分的分布状态,因此本论文以骨架构建体和表面活性剂组合成复合调理剂来改善污泥的脱水性能,达到深度脱水的目的。以生物质粉末为骨架构建体,污泥比阻、滤液浊度为主要考察指标,级配试验得出生物质粉末最佳级配比为(0.3-0.5)mm:6.25%、(0.15-0.3)mm:6.25%、(0.075-0.15)mm:37.5%、0.075mm:50%,此级配比下,比阻下降为原泥的59%,浊度比原泥高,为48NTU。表面活性剂的筛选试验中,显微图像结合Image-proplus软件表明,特定投加量下的非离子和两性表面活性剂可使污泥絮体粒径变小,不规则程度降低,改善了污泥的脱水性能;以比阻、脱水效率为评价指标,发现非离子型烷基糖苷(APG)和两性甜菜碱(BS)的脱水效果较好。APG投加量为0.05%DS(干固含量)时,污泥比阻即可降低到原泥的42%,脱水效率可达到93%;BS投加量为0.4%DS时,污泥比阻可降低到原泥的30%,脱水效率高达95%。生物质粉末与表面活性剂的联合调理试验表明,投加顺序为先加表面活性剂后加生物质粉末的投加顺序更有利于污泥脱水,且在生物质粉末投加量为40%DS时,APG与生物质粉末的联用没有改变APG的最佳投量,而BS与生物质粉末联用时,最佳投加量由原来的0.4%DS增大至0.5%DS。板框试验表明,APG(0.05%DS)和BS(0.5%DS)分别与生物质粉末(40%DS)联合调理市政剩余活性污泥,均能使泥饼含水率降低至55%左右,有机物含量占原泥有机物含量的83%以上。本研究可为表面活性剂与生物质粉末联合应用于污泥脱水处理,后续污泥焚烧处置提供技术支撑。关键词:骨架构建体;表面活性剂;污泥脱水;污泥比阻;脱水效率;含水率华中科技大学硕士学位论文IIAbstractWiththewidely-buildingofwastewatertreatmentplants(WWTP)andtheincreasingtreatmentrateofmunicipalsewage,sludgeyieldislagerandlarger.Sewagesludgehasalargeamountoforganicmattersandpathogenicbacteria,ifnotproperlytreatedandletitgointotheopenair,itmaycauseserioussecond-pollutiontothesurroundingenvironment.Skeletonbuilderscanreducethecompressibilityofsludgecontaininghighcontentoforganicmatters;surfactantsareabletoreducecapillarytensionandenhancethehydrophobicityofsludgeflocsandthenchangethestatesofwaterbesieged.Thus,inthisstudy,skeletonbuildersandsurfactantswereusedtoconditionsewagesludge,tryingtoimprovethedewaterabilityofsewagesludgeandachievedeepwater-removal.Biomasspowderwasusedastheskeletonbuilder,thegradeddesignexperimentcametoaconclusionthatusingtheevaluationindexi.e.,specificresistancetofiltration(SRF),itsoptimumproportionis(0.3-0.5)mm:6.25%、(0.15-0.3)mm:6.25%、(0.075-0.15)mm:37.5%、(0.075)mm:50%,SRFreducedto59%ofSRFofrawsludge.Duringtheprocessofsurfactantsscreening,microimagesassociatedwithimageproplusshowedthat,bothnon-ionicsurfactantsandamphotericsurfactantscoulddecreasetheflocsizes,andgeneratemorehomogenousandregularshape,hencetheycouldimprovethedewaterability,andamongthestudiedsurfactants,APGandBSwereofgreatsignificancetosludgedewaterability.SRFofconditionedsludgewithAPGdosageof0.05%DSdecreasedto42%ofSRFofrawsludge,anditsdewateringefficiencyreached93%.SRFofconditionedsludgewithBSdosageof0.4%DSdecreasedto30%ofSRFofrawsludge,anditsdewateringefficiencywasashighas95%.Theco-conditioningexperimentusingbiomasspowderandsurfactantsindicated,themodeoffirstthesurfactantandthenbiomasspowderwasmoreadvantageousthanswitchingsequencetosludgedewatering.Andtheco-conditioningexperimentalso华中科技大学硕士学位论文IIIshowedthebestAPGdosagewasinvariantwhenassociatingwithbiomasspowder,butthebestBSdosageincreasedto0.5%DSwithbiomasspowderdosageof40%DS.TheplateandframefilterpressexperimentshowedeitherAPG(0.05%DS)+biomasspowder(40%DS)orBS(0.5%DS)+biomasspowder(40%DS),themoisturecontentsoffilteredcakeswerebothabout55%,andtheirorganiccontentswereabove83%ofrawsludge.ThisresearchprovidessometechnicalsupportsfortheapplicationofAPGandBScombinedwithbiomasspowderinsludgedewatering.Keywords:skeletonbuilder,surfactants,sludgedewatering,specificresistancetofiltration(SRF),dewateringefficiency,moisturecontent华中科技大学硕士学位论文IV目录摘要...............................................................................................................IAbstract............................................................................................................II目录............................................................................................................IV1绪论...............................................................................................................11.1选题背景、目的和意义.......................................................................................11.2国内外污泥处理处置概况...................................................................................21.3污泥脱水研究概述...............................................................................................31.4存在的问题及拟解决的关键问题.....................................................................151.5论文研究的内容、目的及意义.........................................................................152生物质粉末对污泥脱水的影响研究..................................