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X710054,,,1111:11111,,,,;,,,11112Pv=-P(mmHg),Pv,mmHg;P,,,;,,11113,(%)=[(-P)/]100%,P(GB3163-82)()4,,::105102Pa:10210-1Pa:10-110-5Pa:10-5Pa,:(1),=-,,=-,,,110MPa()116MPa()400mmHg()(2),,,,,20mmHg,,640mmHg,640-20=620mmHg,,760mmHg,760-20=740mmHg61CHEMICALENGINEERINGDESIGN2003,13(2)X:,,1988,,()E2mail:mikema@pub1xaonline1com©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.112,,,,,11311311,(PV),mmHg,m3,mmHgm311312Q,h,,mmHgm3/h11313S,,QP:S=Q/P,Q,mmHgm3/h;P,mmHg114,:(1),,(2),,,(3)115,,,116,,,(),11P1,mmHg;P2,mmHg;Q1,Q2,mmHgm3/h;S1,S2,m3/h,S1=Q1/P1,S2=Q2/P2,Q1=Q2=Q,,S1P1=S2P2=Q,,S2=S1(P1/P2),P1P2,(P1/P2)1,,S2S1(W)(U):W=(P1-P2)/Q,U=1/W,S1,:S2=S1/(1-S1/U)=S1/(1-WS1),WU,,,S2=S12211,1,,,,,,,,212P712003,13(2)©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,P,mmHg213V,,214S21411(),;E1E1(1)22(),5,12,(2)11(/)201120126015624018241112101/20151/2110011012110210,013,115,110(1),,(2),,,,(1),0150175,,23,,(2),21412W=W(MP/MP),W,/;W,/;P,mmHg;P,mmHg;M;M,P,,P+P=P,P21413:,;;,81CHEMICALENGINEERINGDESIGN2003,13(2)©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,PV=nRT(PT,n=W/M),S,215,,,,,PS,,216,,:t=(V/Vd)ln[(P2-Pc)/(P1-Pc)],t,h;V,m3;Vd,m3/h;P2,mmHg();Pc,mmHg();P1,mmHg(),V23,,,,31993,,20mmHg()80,3,,,6816L/s,46L/s2X270A3,1,1,1::70L/s;:110-2(mmHg)();510-4(mmHg)(),H-70A,::70L/s;:510-1(mmHg)();510-3(mmHg)(),,4,,,,,,1()E1E111:,1979211()311:,1985(2002-12-08)912003,13(2)©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.ABSTRACTSProductionTechnologyandMarketProspectofNitro-NPKCompoundFertilizerYaoYongfa(DesignInstituteofNanjingChemicalGroupCompany,Nan2jing210048)Theauthorintroducesbasicphilosophy,productionfeature,pro2cessdesign,consumptionfigures,marketandefficiencyofthenitro-NPKcompoundfertilizer.Keywordsnitro-NPKproductiontechnologymarketef2ficiencySimulatedCalculationandSystemAnalysisofCrudeDistillationSystemofEthylenePlantGouHongxia,etal(NanzhouDesignInstituteofSINOPEC,Lanzhou730060)Introduceoverallsimulationandanalysisforthecrudedistillationoftheethyleneplant,discussinfluenceofvariousparametersonheatrecoveryKeywordsethyleneplantcrudedistillationsystemgasolinedistillationcolumnheatrecoveryDevelopmentandApplicationofProcessFlowDiagramLiuQun(HuanqiuEngineeringCorporationofChina,Beijing100029)Thedevelopmentmethodoftheprocessflowdiagram(PFD)isbasedonanewdesignmethodofprocessflowdiagram,adoptedintheinternationalcompaniesinrecentyears.Itformsmostefficientdesigndocumentsinintermittentprocess,suchasdesignmargindrawingofprocessflowdiagram,markandsigndrawingofdesigntemperature/pressure,selectiondrawingofprocessmaterialsandcal2culationunitdrawingofhydraulicsetc..KeywordsprocessflowdiagramdesigndevelopmentProcessDesigninVacuumSystemMaXiaolong(HualuEngineeringCorporationofChina,Xian710054)Introducebasicconceptofvacuumsystem,processdesignanditsapplication.KeywordsvacuumsystemprocessdesignProcessAnalysisandComparisonofDechlorinationofDepletedBrineunderVacuumZhengYuan,etal(ChengdaChemicalEngineeringCorporationofChina,Cheng2du610041)Analyzeandcompareexistingdechlorinationprocessofdepletedbrinedechlorinationsection,andmakeconclusion.Keywordsdechlorinationundervacuumprocessschemeanal2ysisandcomparisonDiscussiononApplicationofCarbonSteelPipe20#LiYonghong(LanzhouDesignInstitute,SINOPEC,Lanzhou730060)Introduceimportanceofcorrectselectionofmaterialthroughanal2ysisandcomparisonofdifferentpipestandardsbytakingcarbonsteel20#asanexample.KeywordsseamlesssteelpipestandardselectionSupportDesignofLargeDiameterPressure-reductionLineforOil-transferringLinYue,etal(ShanghaiJinshanEngineeringCorporation,Shanghai200540)Introducearrangementandstressanalysisofpipesupportsofpres2sure-reducinglineforoil-transferringinexpansionproject.Keywordsatmosphericvacuumdistillationunitpressure-re2ducinglineforoil-transferringsupportarrangementstressanaly2sisSphereCompensatoranditsApplicationonLowPressureSteamLinesZhangBaocheng(LanzhouDesignInstitute,SINOPEC,Lanzhou730060)Introducefeature,applicationanddeterminationofseveraltypicalparametersofspherecompensator,andillustrateapplicationofthespherecompensatoronlowpressuresteamlinesbytakingengineeringpracticesasexamples.KeywordsspherecompensatorlowpressuresteamapplicationApplicationofAutomaticChemical-addingUnitinCirculatingCoolingWaterSystemZhouXiaoxiang(YangtzePetro-chemicalDesignInstitute,Nanjing210048)Introduceconstitutionandrealizationofautomaticcontrolofauto2maticchemical-addingunitofSYsystem,anddevelopresultevalu2ationoftheapplication.Keywordsautomaticchemical-addingunitcirculatingwatercoolingsystemtreatmentBriefDiscussiononDesignofCirculationCoolingWaterSystemofLargeSizeAmmoniaPlantYuCuiyun(DalianDesignandResearchInstitute,DalianChemical(Group)Company,Dalian116031)Introducewateramountcalculationofcirculationcoolingwaterandselectionofmainequipmentinthedesignofcirculationcoolingwaterof300,000MTPYammoniaplant.Keywordscirculationcoolingwatersystemengineeringde2signDevelopmentofSpecialChemicalCleaningAgentforStripperofUreaUnitLiQing,etal(SichuanUniversity,Chengdu610065)Introducethedevelo