美国环境公民诉讼判例法的新近发展及对中国环境公益诉讼立法的启

20073,,22JournalofChinaLawyerandJurist,ISSN1548-7695,USA10*10072019701972[1](2)[2](5)[3](A-A-1)2090[4](85)32*BenjaminLiebmanPauletteRoberts【】1971。11[5]1972SierraClubv.Morton[3](1-8)199219921992[6][7][7][8][8][2](7)[4](85-86)121.JohnA.RapanosRapanosv.UnitedStates,126S.Ct.2208112788271596219894JohnA.Rapanos1120——633122004JohnA.RapanosJohnA.Rapanos2.DefendersofWildlifev.UnitedStatesEPA,450F.3d3944197251See=41041547b8e8a11a0011e859177cb4e9&csvc=bl&cform=bool&_fmtstr=XCITE&docnum=1&_startdoc=1&wchp=dGLbVlb-zSkAb&_md5=42dd4f107e48e34c4758460c473eb913.2See=41041547b8e8a11a0011e859177cb4e9&csvc=bl&cform=bool&_fmtstr=XCITE&docnum=1&_startdoc=1&wchp=dGLbVlb-zSkAb&_md5=42dd4f107e48e34c4758460c473eb913.3SeeUnitedStatesv.Rapanos,235F.3d256,260(CA62000).4See=5eb83b65a1559de03d4750d25d9674fe&csvc=bl&cform=bool&_fmtstr=XCITE&docnum=1&_startdoc=1&wchp=dGLbVzz-zSkAt&_md5=44bbeab9e18533aa8d23ec0d96822d5c.5See33U.S.C.§1342a.1369971973720021142002122003DefendersofWildlife76See33U.S.C.§1342b.7See33U.S.C.§1342c.14NortheastOhioReg’lSewerDist.v.UnitedStatesEPA,411F.3d72683.[1](1)9——HankinsonSierraClubv.Hankinson,351F.3d1358101119791993121995[33U.S.C.§1365a]Hankinson19961213199710124292003139963.5730425.6120032003128See=6e3781be176295510a49fe9884584c60&csvc=bl&cform=bool&_fmtstr=FULL&docnum=1&_startdoc=1&wchp=dGLbVzb-zSkAb&_md5=e1c86d63f5059009cb21a9cea18ff22b.9SeeMicheaelD.Axline.EnvironmentalCitizenSuits.Michie:ButterworthLegalPublishers,1995:3-1,3-2.10See=0e734bf61449da8b6a9b6e5be47a3c3b&csvc=bl&cform=bool&_fmtstr=FULL&docnum=1&_startdoc=1&wchp=dGLbVlb-zSkAb&_md5=c805eefd861243fb14f21f364e98a0bb.11SeeSierraClubv.Meiburg,296F.3d1021,1024-2711thCir.2002.12SeeSierraClubv.Hankinson,939F.Supp.865,868N.D.Ga.1996.13SeeSierraClubv.Hankinson,939F.Supp.872,873.151.505h[2](6)NortheastOhioReg’lSewerDist.v.UnitedStatesEPA,411F.3d72614402WET2080199011819953199720008200012181997200012128U.S.C.§2112a12001515WET14See=6e3781be176295510a49fe9884584c60&csvc=bl&cform=bool&_fmtstr=FULL&docnum=1&_startdoc=1&wchp=dGLbVzb-zSkAb&_md5=e1c86d63f5059009cb21a9cea18ff22b.16200562.1MedeirosVincentMedeirosv.Vincent,431F.3d251519421519931997121.62%90%33100550019996Medeiros13120006200012MedeirosVincent315See=308992b0a38951106b26c392946ffa7f&csvc=bl&cform=bool&_fmtstr=FULL&docnum=1&_startdoc=1&wchp=dGLbVzW-zSkAl&_md5=f1593d1847267199227b2c3e5a60bac3.171016Medeiros10200552S.D.WarrenS.D.WarrenCo.v.Me.Bd.ofEnvtl.Prot.,126S.Ct.1843172004S.D.Warren401S.D.Warren2004CumberlandS.D.Warren20062S.D.Warren18dischargeflowingoutissuingoutS.D.Warren200651.[2](22)[5](554)[2](6,22)60191801617See=49de69e14e4a72c6b538a3a1df279587&csvc=bl&cform=bool&_fmtstr=FULL&docnum=1&_startdoc=1&wchp=dGLbVzz-zSkAk&_md5=e225e1f9f4c781f1b412a3c987aabf6e.18See33USCS§1362.19SeeMicheaelD.Axline.EnvironmentalCitizenSuits.Michie:ButterworthLegalPublishers,1995:6-7.1818051975Peoplev.DepartmentofHousing&CommunityDevelopment,45Cal.App.3d18520180EllisGallatinEllisv.GallatinSteelCo.,390F.3d46121EllisGallatin168LaverneBrashearEllis0.519954GallatinHarscoEllisEllisLaverneBrashear19981229Ellis6019992251999Ellis200010420001227LaverneBrashearHarsco2002620EllisLaverneBrashear229200262024570750000Harsco80%Gallatin20%20See=395e53cbd9a2cea48d5c8b5613a04c4c&csvc=bl&cform=bool&_fmtstr=FULL&docnum=1&_startdoc=1&wchp=dGLbVlb-zSkAb&_md5=a092934e4129ac6d79fb34344f592079.21See=ffb341992a3d557702751ee0273eed86&csvc=bl&cform=bool&_fmtstr=FULL&docnum=1&_startdoc=1&wchp=dGLbVtz-zSkAA&_md5=d377c6fffc016c42b3436d982e36f4af.2224SeeJeffreyG.Miller.CitizenSuits:PrivateEnforcementofFederalPollutionControlLaws.NewYork:WileyLawPublications,1987:66,70;RenéJ.G.H.Seerden.MichielA.HeldewegandKurtR.Deketelaere.PublicEnvironmentalLawinEuropeanUnionandtheUnitedStates.NewYork:KluwerLawInternational,2002:554.19200410123[1](8)[2](22-23)2324252.[9]20901992AVXUnitedStatesv.AVXCorp.,962F.2d108261983AerovoxBellevilleAVXAcushnetBedford10719842419894271990121894500003150000199117236090SeeMicheaelD.Axline.EnvironmentalCitizenSuits.Michie:ButterworthLegalPublishers,1995:6-11.2425See=ffb341992a3d557702751ee0273eed86&csvc=bl&cform=bool&_fmtstr=FULL&docnum=1&_startdoc=1&wchp=dGLbVtz-zSkAA&_md5=d377c6fffc016c42b3436d982e36f4af.26See=3236a4af1854b19d48d023f725d6bdc6&csvc=bl&cform=bool&_fmtstr=FULL&docnum=1&_startdoc=1&wchp=dGLbVlb-zSkAb&_md5=971141d09949dea1fd78373a314dedcb.20271991716319924112006OuachitaJacobsOuachitaWatchLeaguev.Jacobs,463F.3d1163282004ClevelandCliffsNat’lWildlifeFed’nv.Clevel