反思中国政府绩效评估实践3

20083()No.3200848JOURNALOFSUNYAT2SENUNIVERSITYVol.48(213)(SOCIALSCIENCEEDITION)GeneralNo.2133:2008-03-02:2006(06JJD630021);985:(1969-),,,,(510275)::,200633:,,,,,;,,,,:;;;:D033:A:1000-9639(2008)03-0134-08,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,?()?:,;,,431,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,531::,:,2007,53[]::,,:,2007,66:,20031()?,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:,()(),,,,,,,,,44,121,4,39,33,75,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(),63120083:,20004[]:,,:,2003,19:,2007,7:,20046,,,,:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(),,,,,:,,;,,,,,,,,,731:,200211::,20052,,,,,:,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,?(),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,;,,,,,,,,,;,;,;,,83120083(),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:,,,;,;,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,6:(),,,,3,,,,,,,931::,20064[]:,,:,2001,184,3:,;,;,,,,:,;,,,,,,,,(),,,,,,,,WTO,,,,,(),,,,,,,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,(),,,04120083::,20025:,20064,,,,,,4,,,(),,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:;:,141[]D:,,:,1992,15foundbothinBookofHistoryandBookofOdesaswellasbeingcitedfrequentlybyConfuciusandhisdisciples.Theideaoffam2ily,stateandcountrytobeunitywasverypopularintheperiodofPre2Qin.SuchproblemsaswhyandhowtobeparentsofthepeoplehadbeendiscussedmuchinearlierConfucianworks.ThispaperfocusesontheoriginaldocumentsinBookofHistoryandBookofOdesandtriestofigureoutthecomplexitiesandmeaningsofthetheoryofToBeParentsofthePeople.ItalsoanalysesandrespondstosomeinterpretationsofsomemodernscholarsonChineseancientsocietystructureandrelatedtheories.Keywords:ToBeParentsofthePeople;Confucianism;history;society;meaningReflectionsonContemporaryPerformanceMeasurementPracticesinChineseGovernmentNIXing(SchoolofGovernment,CenterforPublicAdministrationResearch,SunYat2senUniversity,Guangzhou,510275)Abstract:Governmentalperformancemeasurementhaswidelytakenrootthroughouttheworldrecently.Asforthedevelopedcountriesinthewest,maturerepresentativedemocracyistheinstitutionalbaseofperformancemeasurement,throughdecentrali2zation,result2orientationandinternalmarketmechanism,toimprovetheinternalmanagementandworkflowaswellasmanagerialefficiency.WhileChineseinstitutionalfoundationofgovernmentalperformancemeasurementisbureaucracy,wherethedecentrali2zationofinternalmarket,performancecontractsandresult2orientationhavenotbeenultimatelyrealizedbetweentheupperandlowerlevels.Asaresult,underthecommand2and2compliancemechanism,performancemeasurementemphasizestheadvantagesofbureaucracyinsteadofdefinitelychangingtheoriginalmanagerialsystemandproceduresaswellasthebehavioralmodelofboththegovernmentandofficials.Toalargeextent,performancemeasurementinChinesegovernmenthasbecomeanewtoolofpoliti2calcontrol,thatis,aplannedperformancemeasurement,underthegreatinfluenceofpursuitandcompetitionofadministrativea2chievementandtheemulationpressure.Keywords:governmentalperformancemeasurement;reformofpublicmanagement;reflections;administrativeachievementInformationTechnology,InternalProcessandOrganizationalPerformance:AnEmpiricalResearchBasedonaCityGovernmentinChinaWUJian2nan,KONGXiao2yong(SchoolofPublicPolicyandAdministration,XipanJiaotongUniversity,Xipan,710049)Abstract:Informationtechnologyintroducedintogovernmentcouldchangeitsmanagementbehaviorandstyle,soE2govern2anceusesITtochangeinternalprocess.InpracticeitisthoughtthatE2governanceattachesmuchimportancetoITthangovern2mentaffairsbutinfactITcouldnotimproveinternalprocess.IthasbecomepopulartorestructureinternalprocessbyIT,soman2yscholarscarrythroughrelativeresearches.Fewstudiesextendthisanalysistoexaminewhethersuchrestructuring,ifitinfacthappens,improvestheperformanceoftheorganization.Accordingtoanalysisofthetheories,ITadoptionwouldhaveadirecteffectonperformance,orchangeinternalprocesstoaffectperformance.Thenthreevariablescanberecognized2IT,internalprocessandgovernmentperformance,presentthehypothesisabouttherelationshipbetweenthreevariables.Afterthesurveyandinterviews,withquestionnairestothegovernment(agencies)tocollectdata,andtheuseofcausalanalysisandregressionanaly2sistotestthehypothesisabouttherelationshipbetweenIT,internalprocessandgovernmentperformance.ResearchshowsthatITadoptionhasnoeffectongovernmentperformance,butinternalprocesshasasignificantdirecteffectonperformance.ITadoptionhasanindirecteffectongovernmentperformancethroughtheorganizationpsinternalprocess.AprofoundanalysisofthecausalpathshowsthatITaffectstheperformance,namely,IThasaneffectonperformancethroughprocesspscooperation,taskcomple2tionandfeedback.TheresultindicatesIThasanindirecteffectonperformancethroughprocesspscooperationandfeedback,butnotthetaskcompletion.ITadoptionwouldnotimprovegovernmentperformancedirectly,anditisnotrighttopaymuchattentiontoITbutnotgovernmentaffairinChinapsE2governmentaffairconstruction.ITchangesthegovernmentprocesspscooperation,makestheinformationcommunicationandsharemoreeffectivenesss,andaffectsthegovernmentperformance.ITchangesthestylesandpathstofeedback,andtheresultshouldmeettheneedofthepublic.ITshouldbepromotedtocompletethetasksandgoals.Keywords:governmentperformance;informationtechnology;internalprocess;E2governance80220083