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西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文西安市住宅装修中甲醛污染的调查研究专业：设计艺术学硕士生：佟壬秋指导教师：赵西平教授摘要室内空气中污染物种类繁多，包括甲醛、氨、苯等挥发性有机物、一氧化碳、二氧化硫、氡、细菌等。建筑装修不当是引起室内空气污染的主要原因之一，作者通过系统地分析和研究新装修室内存在的甲醛污染及其污染源，在此基础上撰写成文。甲醛是装修后的建筑室内空气中常见的污染物之一，长期接触低剂量的甲醛会引起慢性呼吸道疾病，高浓度的甲醛对神经系统、肝脏等都有毒害。由建筑材料排入空气中的甲醛污染已引起人们的极大关注。本论文于2011年2月到10月间，在西安市某学院家属楼内选择几户住户作为监测点，进行装修过程中室内甲醛污染情况的全程监测，并对该住户的相关人员进行了相应的问卷调查。对11户住户装修过程中室内甲醛的浓度作了实时监测及分析，并选取其中3户甲醛污染较为严重的住户，对其进行集中监测，并对监测所得数据进行重点研究，分析得到相应的结果。该家属楼新装修住宅室内甲醛污染状况非常严重，在监测的11组数据中超标率达到100%。装修中检测值昀高的达国家标准值的近20倍，平均超出标准值9.7倍。通过实例分析影响室内污染物浓度的因素，提出室内空气污染控制具体措施主要包括：污染源控制、自然通风、空气净化技术。结合绿色室内设计的方法提出科学合理的室内装修，包括控制污染物来源材料的使用量，合理设计室内装修方案，选择适当的入住时间，都可以从根源上避免或减少室内甲醛的污染。关键词：室内空气污染；甲醛；室内装修；自然通风；环保家装西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文InvestigationandResearchonRenovationofResidentialFormaldehydeContaminationinXi'anSpecialty：ArtisticDesignName：TongRen-qiuInstructor：Prof.ZhaoXi-pingABSTRACTThereisawiderangeofindoorairpollutants,includingformaldehyde,ammonia,benzeneandothervolatileorganiccompounds,carbonmonoxide,sulfurdioxide,radon,bacteria,etc.Improperresidentialdecorationisoneofthemaincausesofindoorairpollution.Theauthorcomposestheexistingwritingonthebasisofwhichthesystematicallyanalyzesandstudiesthenewlyrenovatedindoorformaldehydepollutionandit'ssources.Formaldehydeisacommonindooraircontaminantindecoratedspaces.Exposuringtolowdosesofformaldehydeforlongtermcancausechronicrespiratorydisease,andhighconcentrationsofformaldehydeisharmfultothenervoussystem,liver.Thepollutionofformaldehydefrombuildingmaterialsdispersesintotheairhascausedgreatconcern.DuringFebtoOctin2011inthispaper,severalhouseholdsinresidentialbuildingsofacollegeinXi'ancitywerechoosedasmonitoringpoints,whichfullymonitedindoorformaldehydepollutionontheprocessofdecoration;meanwhile,makingacorrespondingquestionnairesurveytotheoccupants.Inresponsetothe11households’indoorformaldehydeconcentrationinthedecorationprocess,wedidreal-timemonitoringandanalysing,andselected3oftheminwhichformaldehydepollutionisserious,centralizedthemonitoring,andstudiedthemonitoringdataaskey,throughouttheanalysedandfinallygottheresults.Theindoorformaldehydeconcentrationsoftheresidentialbuildingnewlyrenovatedexceededveryseriously,whichthemonitoringdataof11groupsofoverproofratewerereached100%.Testvaluesinthedetectionvalueofthehighestreachesthenationalstandardvalueofnearly20times,average西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文exceedsthestandardvalueof9.7times.Analyzingthefactorsaffectingindoorpollutantconcentrationbymensofexamples,thus,toproposedspecificmeasurestocontrolindoorairpollution,includingsourcecontrol,ventilation,airpurificationtechnology.Proposingthemethodofgreeninteriordesign.Scientificandreasonableinteriordecoration,includingthecontrolofthenumberofmaterialusedinpollutionsources,therationaldesignofinteriordecorationscheme,theselectionoftheappropriatetimetolivein,abovewhichcanfundamentallyavoidorreducetheindoorformaldehydepollution.Keywords：indoorairpollution;formaldehyde;interiordecoration;naturalventilation;environment-friendlydecoration西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文I目录1.绪论...............................................................................................................................11.1室内空气污染概述...........................................................................................11.1.1室内空气品质的定义...........................................................................11.1.2室内空气污染的定义...........................................................................21.1.3室内空气污染物...................................................................................31.2国内外室内空气研究现状...............................................................................31.2.1国内相关科研成果................................................................................31.2.2国外相关科研成果................................................................................41.3课题研究的意义与目的...................................................................................81.3.1本课题的研究意义................................................................................81.3.2本课题的研究目的................................................................................81.4课题研究的方法及框架...................................................................................91.4.1课题研究的方法....................................................................................91.4.2课题研究的框架....................................................................................92.居室内甲醛污染的研究.............................................................................................112.1甲醛的物化性质.............................................................................................112.2甲醛在室内的污染来源.................................................................................132.3甲醛对人体的危害.........................................................................................132.4本章小结.........................................................................................................153.西安市某学院家属楼装修污染调查与分析...........................................................173.1问卷调查..........................................