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Objectives目标•Understand&study了解及学习–Hydraulicsystems液压系统•OpenCenterSystems开芯式系统•HydraulicComponents液压零件•BasicEquations基本公式•Calculations•Validatecalculationwithmeasurementson通过测量对SEM650的计算进行验证•Specificobjectives特定目标–??WheelLoaderPowerFlowRimpullFxFyTorqueConverterFan,Alternator,AirCleaner,Muffler(MEC,LEC)T=f(EngineSpeed)Brakepump,Pilotpump,Steeringpump,Transmissionpump(H&HS)T=Disp*Pressure/EfficiencyGrossEngineLugCurveMEC&LECImplementPumpH&HST=Disp*Press/EffE4611AAAILTorqueConverterData0.000.501.001.502.002.503.003.500.0000.2000.4000.6000.8001.0001.200SpeedRatioTorqueRatio0.0200.0400.0600.0800.01000.01200.01400.0PrimaryTorque(ft-lb)TorqueRatioPrimaryTorque(ft-lb)ConverterDataTBUPowerFlow动力流动Engine发动机Converter变矩器ImplementPumps工作泵CoolingPump冷却泵SteeringPump转向泵ImplementPilotPump工作先导泵BrakeChargingPump刹车辅助泵TransmissionPilotPump变速箱先导泵Rimpull牵引力WheelSpeed轮速LiftForce/Speed举升力/速度TiltForce/Speed翻转力/速度SteeringForceSpeed转向力/速度BucketForceSpeed铲斗力/速度BrakeForce刹车力AirCleaner,Muffler,Alternator空滤器，消音器，发电机Fuel燃油Heat热能EnergyDistributionduringTruckloading9XX9XX装车应用时的能量分配9XXEnergyDistribution32secTruckLoadingCycleImplementHeat6%SteeringHeat1%FanHeat2%PilotHeat2%XmsnPumpHeat2%PowerTrain11%BrakeHeat2%WheelSlipHeat1%Alt/AirCln/MufHeat1%EngCooledHeat24%EngStackHeat38%Work10%9XX能量分配32秒钟装车周期工作热能转向热能风扇热能先导热能变速箱泵热能传动热能刹车热能车轮滑移热能空滤器，消音器，发电机热能发动机冷却热能发动机排气热能FocusPrimaryusersofenergy焦点能量的主要使用者•ImplementSystem工作装置系统•PowertrainSystem传动系统HydraulicsatWorkHydraulicsatWorkHydraulicsatWorkHydraulicsatWork=HO-wTO7ice8WebsitewithvideoImplementSystem工作系统•OpenCenterSystems开芯式系统–Mainsystem主要系统–Pilotsystem先导系统–Implementvalvefunction工作阀功能–Areacurves面积曲线–PerformanceCharacteristics性能特性–MathModeling数学建模–Problems/Exercises问题/练习•ClosedCenterSystems闭芯式系统–VariableImplementPumpControls可变的工作阀控制–LoadSensingCircuits负载敏感回路–Problems/Exercises问题/练习Terminology•Industry&Academia–tandemcentervalve–Meansthatinneutraltheflowpathfrom–PumptoCylinder-closed–CylindertoTank-closed–PumptoTank–open•Caterpillar–mostCatengineerscallthisanopencentervalve•Industry&Academia–opencentervalve–Inneutral–PumptocylindertotankallopenHydraulicSchematicsPressureReliefValve(safetyvalve)normallyclosedPumpTankHeadEndRodEnd3PositionDirectionalControlValvePumpVariablePumpMainFlowLinesPilotLinesSolenoidActuationPilotActuation:TandemCenterValve(OpenCenteratCat)PumpTankHeadEndRodEndToLiftPumpTankHeadEndRodEndToLiftNeutralDumpTandemCenterValve(OpenCenteratCat)PumpTankToLiftPumpTankToLiftNeutralRackHeadEndRodEndHeadEndRodEnd627G–ImplementSystemTandemCenter–InterruptedSeriesMainReliefApron(hasfloat)EjectorBowlPumpSEM650示意图TandemCenterInterruptedSeries980HImplementSchematicTandemCenter(open)InterruptedSeriesMainPumpTank988HImplementSchematicTandem(Open)CenterInterruptedSeriesMainPumpTankPilotSupplyTandem(Open)CenterSystem•Workatwhiteboard–What’swrongwiththiscircuit?Tandem(Open)CenterHydraulicSystem开芯式液压系统泵排放PumpDisplacement=Dp泵速度PumpSpeed=N泵容积效率Pumpvolumetriceff=Ev泵力矩效率Pumptorqueeff=Tv缸头端压力面积PressureareaHeadEnd=Phe缸杆端压力面积PressureareaRodEnd=Pre冲程Stroke=S缸杆全收缩时长度CollapsedLength=Clx质量Mass=m负载Load=mg阻尼Damping=c油箱压力Tankpressure=Pt面积Area=Apcre面积Area=Apche面积Area=Actre面积Area=Acthe面积Area=Apt体积Volume=Vp压力Pressure=Pp体积Volume=Vhe压力Pressure=Phe体积Volume=Vre压力Pressure=PreValveHardware阀硬件Tandem(Open)CenterHydraulicValveOperation开芯式液压阀操作工作系统控制阀主泵系统压力先导压力闭塞油路吸油/回油激活的零件表面积升起先导控制执行器补油阀阀杆端装载单向阀阀头端管路溢流补油阀降低先导控制执行器降低执行器电磁阀先导通道至油箱内部通道供应通道至油箱通道至油箱举升滤芯举起执行器电磁阀动臂保持不动工作控制阀阀杆端装载单向阀阀头端补油阀降低先导控制执行器降低执行器电磁阀先导通道至油箱内部通道供应通道通往下一阀通道至油箱举升滤芯举起执行器电磁阀升起先导控制执行器补油阀主泵系统压力先导压力吸油/回油激活零件表面积动臂下降时988HTiltStemCharacteristics988HTILTSTEMCHARACTERISTICS(267-9544CHgLVL01)0100200300400500600700800900-18-16-14-12-10-8-6-4-2024681012141618DUMPSTEMDISPLACEMENT-mmRACKBACKOPENAREA-mm^2RE,P-CHE,C-THE,P-CRE,C-TP-TDURINGRACKBACKP-TDURINGDUMPPumptotankPumptocylinderRECylindertotankHEPumptocylinderHECylindertotankRE988HLiftStemCharacteristics988HLiftCHARACTERISTICS174-0119CHGLVL010100200300400500600700800900-20-15-10-505101520STEMDISPLACEMENT-mmOPENAREA-mm2P-REHE-TP-HERE-TP-T,LOWERP-T,RAISEPumptotankPumptocylinderHECylindertotankRECylindertotankHEPumptocylinderRERaiseLower050100150200250300350400450-20-15-10-505101520DumpInputmmRackAreamm^2TiltValveAreas翻斗阀面积SEM650卸料输入收斗面积PumptotankPumptocylinderHECylindertotankREPumptocylinderRECylindertotankHE050100150200250300350400450-20-15-10-505101520InputmmAreamm^2RaiseLowerBoomValveAreas举升阀面积SEM650举升输入下降面积PumptotankPumptocylinderHEPumptocylinderRECylindertotankRECylindertotankHEPumpHardwareGearPumpPumpHardwareVanePumpPumpHardwarePistonPumpValvePortSlot阀口槽OutletPort出油口InletPort进油口DriveShaft传动轴Piston活塞Swashplate斜盘CylinderBlock缸体WHEREArethecomponentslocatedonyourmachine?不同的零件在山工车上的分布？Nextslideshows992locations下一张幻灯片展示的是不同的零件在992上的分布电子系统先导液压系统主要液压系统两系统通用部分工作液压泵先导泵可变泵电磁阀电子-液压工作系统先导溢流阀工作电子控制组件先导控制杆组件主控制阀总成翻斗缸翻斗联接位置感应片举升联接位置感应片举升缸液压油箱Examineactualmachine装载机现场调查WorkatBoard白板展示SpeedControl速度控制Force