F新版CCNA培训教材ch10

10ConfiguringDistanceVectorProtocolsCERTIFICATIONOBJECTIVES10.01IPRoutingProtocolBasics10.02IPRIP10.03IPIGRP✓Two-MinuteDrillQ&ASelfTestCertPrs8/CCNACiscoCertifiedNetworkAssociateStudyGuide/Deal/222934-9/Chapter10BlindFolio10:1D:\omh\CertPrs8\934-9\ch10.vpMonday,August04,200312:13:16PMColorprofile:GenericCMYKprinterprofileCompositeDefaultscreenIntheprecedingchapter,yougainedanoverviewofroutingprotocols,includingthedifferenttypesandtheiradvantagesanddisadvantages.Thischaptercoversthebasicconfigurationofdistancevectorprotocols,specificallytheIPRoutingInformationProtocol(RIP)andtheInteriorGatewayRoutingProtocol(IGRP).Itfocusesonthebasicsoftheseprotocols;advancedconfigurationoftheseprotocolsisbeyondthescopeofthisbook.However,bytheendofthechapter,you’llbeabletoconfigureroutersrunningRIPandIGRPthatwillroutetrafficinanetwork.CERTIFICATIONOBJECTIVE10.01IPRoutingProtocolBasicsBeforelearningabouthowtoconfigureRIPandIGRP,considersomebasicconfigurationtasksthatarerequirednomatterwhatroutingprotocolyouarerunning.YouneedtoperformtwobasicstepswhensettingupIProutingonyourrouter:■Enabletheroutingprotocol.■AssignIPaddressestoyourrouter’sinterfaces.Pleasenotethattheorderofthesetasksisnotimportant.YoualreadyknowhowtoconfigureanIPaddressontherouter’sinterface:thiswasdiscussedinChapter5.Thefollowingsectionscoverthefirstbulletpointinmoredepth.TherouterCommandEnablinganIProutingprotocolisatwo-stepprocess.First,youmustgointoRouterSubconfigurationmode.Thismodedeterminestheroutingprotocolthatyou’llberunning.Withinthismode,you’llconfigurethecharacteristicsoftheroutingprotocol.Toentertheroutingprotocol’sconfigurationmode,usethefollowingcommand:Router(config)#routername_of_the_IP_routing_protocolRouter(config-router)#Theroutercommandisusedtoaccesstheroutingprotocolthatyouwishtoconfigure;itdoesn’tenableit.Ifyouarenotsureofthenameoftheroutingprotocolthatyouwishtoenable,usethecontext-sensitivehelpfeature:2Chapter10:ConfiguringDistanceVectorProtocolsCertPrs8/CCNACiscoCertifiedNetworkAssociateStudyGuide/Deal/222934-9/Chapter10MemorizethetwobasicstepsforsettingupIProuting.D:\omh\CertPrs8\934-9\ch10.vpMonday,August04,200312:13:16PMColorprofile:GenericCMYKprinterprofileCompositeDefaultscreenRouter(config)#router?bgpBorderGatewayProtocol(BGP)egpExteriorGatewayProtocol(EGP)eigrpEnhancedInteriorGatewayRoutingProtocol(EIGRP)igrpInteriorGatewayRoutingProtocol(IGRP)isisISOIS-ISiso-igrpIGRPforOSInetworksmobileMobileroutesodrOnDemandstubRoutesospfOpenShortestPathFirst(OSPF)ripRoutingInformationProtocol(RIP)staticStaticroutestraffic-engineeringTrafficengineeredroutesRouter(config)#Asyoucanseefromthecontext-sensitivehelpoutput,youhavealotofIProutingprotocolsatyourdisposal.Oneimportantitemtopointoutisthattheroutercommanddoesn’tturnontheroutingprotocol.Thisprocessisdoneintheprotocol’sRouterSubconfigurationmode,indicatedbythe(config-router)prompt.ThenetworkCommandOnceintheroutingprotocol,youneedtospecifywhatinterfacesaretoparticipateintheroutingprocess.Bydefault,nointerfacesparticipate.Tospecifywhichinterfaceswillparticipate,usethenetworkRouterSubconfigurationmodecommand:Router(config-router)#networkIP_network_#Assoonasyouenteranetworknumber,theroutingprocessisactive.FordistancevectorprotocolslikeRIPandIGRP,youneedtoenteronlytheclassA,B,orCnetworknumberornumbersthatareassociatedwithyourinterface.Inotherwords,ifyouhavesubnetted192.168.1.0withasubnetmaskof255.255.255.192(/26),andyouhavesubnets192.168.1.0/26,192.168.1.64/26,192.168.1.128/26,and192.168.1.192/26,youdon’tneedtoentereachspecificsubnet.Instead,justenter192.168.1.0,andthiswillaccommodateallinterfacesthatareassociatedwiththisclassCnetwork.Ifyouspecifyasubnet,therouterwillconvertittotheclassaddress,becauseRIPandIGRPareclassfulprotocols.Let’stakealookatasimpleexampletoshowtheconfiguration,showninFigure10-1.Inthisexample,I’llfocusontheconfigurationofthenetworkcommands,assumingthattheroutingprotocolisaclassfulprotocol,suchasRIPorIGRP.Inthisexample,therouterisconnectedtoaClassBnetwork(172.16.0.0)andaClassCnetwork(192.168.1.0),bothofwhicharesubnetted.IPRoutingProtocolBasics3CertPrs8/CCNACiscoCertifiedNetworkAssociateStudyGuide/Deal/222934-9/Chapter10D:\omh\CertPrs8\934-9\ch10.vpMonday,August04,200312:13:16PMColorprofile:GenericCMYKprinterprofileCompositeDefaultscreenLet’sassumethatyouforgotthatyouneedtoenteronlytheclassfulnetworknumbers,andthatyouenteredthesubnettedvaluesinstead,likethis:Router(config-router)#network172.16.1.0Router(config-router)#network172.16.2.0Router(config-router)#network192.168.1.64Router(config-router)#network192.168.1.128Whenenteringyournetworkstatements,youneedtoincludeanynetworkthatisassociatedwithyourrouter’sinterfaces;ifyouomitanetwork,thenyourrouterwillnotincludetheomittedinterfaceintheroutingprocess.Asyoucanseefromtheprecedingexample,allofthesubnetswereincluded.Remember,however,thattherouterrequiresonlythatyouentertheclassaddresses.Ifyouweretoexecuteashowrunning-configcommand,youwouldnotseethefournetworksjustlisted,butjusttheClassBandCnetworknumbers.Youshouldn’tworryaboutthis;