测量不确定度培训知识

ChinaTopSystems–@iso123.com1/1ChinaTopSystems–@iso123.com2/2------------------------------------------------------------------------------1--------------------------------------------------------------------------1----------------------------------------------------1GUM-----------------------------------------------------------------1-----------------------------------------------2--------------------------------------------------------------------------2-----------------------------------------------------5-----------------------------------------------------------6-----------------------------------------------------------8------------------------------------------------9---------------------------------------------------------9--------------------------------------------------11--------------------------------------------------------13----------------------------------------14--------------------------------------------------14--------------------------------------------------------14--------------------------------------------------------------14-----------------------------------------------------------------------15-----------------------------------------------16ChinaTopSystems–@iso123.com3/3GUMGuidetotheExpressionofuncertaintyinmeasurementGUM1963NBSEisenhart1977CCEMRI1978CIPM1993ISOISOIECOIMLCIPMIFCCIUPACIUPAP1xPxx0X0,X0+xxp(x0xx0+x)p(x)=limx0x,X0,X0+xPx0+xp(x0xx0+x)=p(x)dxChinaTopSystems–@iso123.com4/4x0PX0,X0+x0.990%90%PX0,X0+x21µ=limnnnxii=1:22s=∞→nlim])([12nxini∑=-m∞→=nlimsnxini∑=-12)(m----Xx1,x2,x3X=n1∑=nixi1----ss=1)(12--∑=nXxiniX-------nxiX------n1--------s(x)ChinaTopSystems–@iso123.com5/5()()nXsXs=n4~2031k=1,p=68.27%k=2,p=95.45%k=2.576,p=99%k=3,p=99.73%2a(x)=a/33(x)=a/64(x)=a/25t4XYV(X,Y)=E[(x-x)(y-y)]Q(X,Y)=)()(),(YXYXVssChinaTopSystems–@iso123.com6/6r(X,Y)=)()()1())((1ysxsnYyiXxini---∑=11234521errorofmieasurement[JJF1001-1998]2a.b.3systemerror[JJF100-1998]a.b.X0----m----Xi----Xs----Δ=Xi-X0m-=ΔXir0Xs-=ΔmX0mSX-mC=m-SXChinaTopSystems–@iso123.com7/7XCc+=mXcSXc,4accuracyofmeasurement[ISO3534-1]a.b.(5)precisionofmeasurement[ISO3534-1](6)[]repeatability[JJF1001-1998](7)[]reproducibility[JJF1001-1998]3111m.,:1m25.00101325Pa23112345ChinaTopSystems–@iso123.com8/86456789101112ABkATypeAevaluationofUncertaintyAChinaTopSystems–@iso123.com9/9Xn∑==niXinX11AnxsXsxuA/)()()(==1)(12)(--∑==nXxinixsn-1[1]9Xi12251258125812531252125611891240mm,AmmXiXinXini6.1242911911===∑∑==mmXxinXxixsini2319)(1)()(91212=--=--=∑∑==mmXs7.79/23)(==∴1242.6mmmmuA7.7=BTypeBevaluationofUncertaintya,-a,kBkaxuB/)(=B123456rR[2]a16.52×106-1-0.40×106-1-aChinaTopSystems–@iso123.com10/101aa=0.40×106-1-2ak=3(3)u661023.031040.0--×=×=B1-BYNX1X2,XNY=f(X1X2,XN)∑∑∑-=+==∂∂∂∂+∂∂=111212),(2)()()(NiNijNicxjxiuxjfxifxiuxfyuu(xi)xici=xf∂∂ui(y)=ciu(xi)yIu(xi,xj)xixju(xi,xj)=)()(),(jijixuxuxxg),(jiyxgxixj)()()1())((),(1jinkjjkiikiixsxsnxxxxyx---=∑=g1xiuc(y)=∑∑===NiiNiiiuxuc1212)]([(2)xiyxiy=cx1p1x2p2xNpNChinaTopSystems–@iso123.com11/11∑==Niiiicxxupyyu12]/)([/)((3)xi,1),(+=jixxg∑==Niiicxucyu1)()([3]20100.050.01(k=2);a1510-3/,110-3/250.0225Rt=R0[1+a(t-20)](1)R0=100.05,a=1510-3/,t=25R25=100.05[1-1510-3/25-20)]=100.125(2)UC2(Rt)=[c1u(R0)]2+[c2u(a)]2+[c3u(t)]2075.1)(1/001=-+=∂∂=ttRRctaΩ=×=-=∂∂=25.500505.100)(/002ttRRctaΩ=××==∂∂=-50075.1101505.100/303aRtRcTu(R0)=0.01/2=0.005/1057.03/101)(505--×=×=Cua0112.0302.0)(0==Ctu2252)0112.050057.1()1057.025.500()005.0075.1()(×+××+×=-tcRu=0.018Ω=Ω=018.0,125.100)25(0CUCRU)(ykuUc=k(1)ucyeffgpka.effChinaTopSystems–@iso123.com12/12∑==Niiiceffyuyu144)()(ggb.effgp,t)(effptgc.)(effpptkg=d.)(yukUcpP=(2)k=23k=2,U=2uc95%k=3,U=3uc99%kk=2k2[4]Y=f(X1,X2,X3,)=X1X2X3X1X1X2X3n1=10n2=5n3=15U(x1)/x1=0.25%U(x2)/x2=0.57%U(x3)/x3=0.82%Yy95%∑∑∑===∂∂===niyyuixyniniixfiicciixuxuxucyu12)(221122222])[(][)(][)()(212)(%)03.1(][==∑=nixxuii0.1911582.01557.011025.003.1]/)([]/)([)()(444444144=-+-+-===∑∑=iiicNiiiceffxxuyyuyuyugggP=0.9519=EFFgtt=2.09%2.2%03.109.295=×=UChinaTopSystems–@iso123.com13/13uc123ucUU100gms11ms=100.02147guc=0.35mg2ms=100.02147guc3ms=100.02147(0.00035)guc21ms=100.02147gU=0.00070gk=22ms=100.021470.00079g,u=kuc,uc=0.35mgk=2.26k=2.26=9p=0.95t11~22ucU3Uk2kk=2456UChinaTopSystems–@iso123.com14/1433[5]50m1N=66xYY=x(2)A1u2ABChinaTopSystems–@iso123.com15/156ix50.005,49.999,50.003,49.998,50.004,50.001)(0017.5011mxnxnii==∑=)(15.1)1()()(112mmnnXxxssnii=--==∑=y=50.0017u1=s1=1.15mmv1=n-1=5u1AuA=u1.3Bu2)(3mm=aa)(73.13/3/2mmku===aB2uuB=4ucmm1u11.152u2173uu2)(08.22221mmuuuc=+=5Uk=2U=cku=4.2mm6y=50.0017mU=4.2mmUuc=2.08mmk=2