列夫托尔斯泰英文简介

参考资料，少熬夜！列夫托尔斯泰英文简介【导读指引】三一刀客最漂亮的网友为您整理分享的“列夫托尔斯泰英文简介”文档资料，供您学习参考，希望此文档对您有所帮助，喜欢就分享给朋友们吧！列夫托尔斯简介LeoNicholasYevićTolstoy(ЛевНиколаевичТолстой,September9,1828-November20,1910)Inthemid-19thcentury,Russiacriticizedrealistwriters,thinkers,philosophers.Representativeworksarewarandpeace,AnnaKarenina,resurrectionandsoon.Tolstoywasborninthearistocraticfamily,in1840intotheKazanUniversity,1847returnedtohishometowninhisterritoryforthereformofserfdomattempt.1851~1854intheCaucasianarmyinserviceandbeganwriting.1854~1855toparticipateintheCrimeanWar.November1515toPetersburgintotheliteraryworld.In1857Tolstoywentabroadtoseethecontradictionsofcapitalistsociety,butcouldnotfindawaytodestroysocialevil,hadtocallpeopleinaccordancewiththeeternalreligioustruthlife.1860~1861,tostudytheEuropeaneducation,Tolstoyonceagaingoabroad,meetHertzen,listentoDickensspeech,meetProudhon.1863~1869TolstoycreatedalonghistoricalnovelWarandPeace.1873~1877hechanged12timestocompleteitssecondlandmarkmasterpieceAnnaKarenina.Inthelate1970s,Tolstoy'sworldviewchangeddramaticallyandwaswrittenasconfession(1879-1882).(1891),thenovelTheDevil(1911),TheDeathofIvanIlyich1886),TheKleinSonata(1886),TheDarkPower(1886),TheFruitofEducation(1891),HazeMurat(1886~1904);shortstoryafterthedance(1903),especiallythe1889~1899creationofthenovelresurrectionishislong-termthinking,artexplorationtosumup.Tolstoytriedtoliveasimplecivilianlifeinhislateryears,andranfromhomeinOctober1910.HediedatasmallstationonAugust7attheageof82.参考资料，少熬夜！列夫托尔斯人物经历EarlyexperienceTolstoyoriginaristocrat,1yearoldandhalfmaternal,10-year-oldfatherdied,hewasraisedbytherelativesofthefamily.In1845admittedtoKazanUniversityOrientallanguagedepartment,studyinginTurkey,Arabic,mid-termexamfailed,thesecondyeartothelawdepartment.Hedoesnotconcentrateonhisstudies,butalsohasastronginterestinphilosophy,especiallyphilosophyofmorality,lovesRousseau'sdoctrineanditsman,andreadsliteratureextensively.InApril1847theschoolwassetupforthechildrenofthepeasants.NovemberinthenameoftheadministrativeofficeintheprovinceofTula,thefollowingyearinDecemberwaspromotedtofourteencivilian.In1851TolstoyandhisbrotherwenttotheCaucasiansoldier.In1852heparticipatedinabattle,theperformanceofbrave,andpublishedthenovelchildhood.In1853TolstoyreadTurgenev'shunternotes,veryadmired.In1854TolstoywastransferredtotheDanubefront,andparticipatedintheCrimeanwarintheSevastopolcitysiegewar,writtenasjuvenile,youthandSevastopolstoryset.InNovember1855TolstoyleftthearmybacktoSt.Petersburg,re-entertheentertainmentcircle,alcoholismgambling.Theextremepersonalityledhimtoa17-yearbreakwithTurgenev.EarlycreationTolstoybeganwritingintheCaucasus,inthemodernmagazineontheSevastopolstoryandothernovels.InNovember1855hecametoPetersburgandwaswelcomedbyTurgenevandNiekLausovandothers,andmetGonzalov,Fett,Ostrovsky,Druidin,Kov,Bautengeandotherwritersandcritics.TolstoytendstoDrewRininandothers,butthatanyartcannotbedivorcedfromsociallife.In1859,hebrokewiththemodernmagazine.Attheendof1856,thelieutenantwasretired.ThefollowingyeartoFrance,Switzerland,ItalyandGermanytravel.In1856hedraftedtheplan,readytoleasethelandlordandothermethodstoliberatethefarmers,参考资料，少熬夜！andintheirownmanortrial.1860duetothedeathofthelongbrotherNicholas,moredeeppessimism.Between1859and1862,almosthalfoftheschoolwascreated,andmorethan20schoolswererunforthepeasantchildreninthesuburbsofAznayaPolianaandthenearbyvillages.TheystudiedtheeducationalsysteminRussiaandWesternEurope.In1860-1861,theyalsowenttoGermany,France,Italy,theUnitedKingdomandBelgiumandothercountriestostudyschools.AndthenfoundedtheYasneriaPolianaandothereducationaljournals.WhenhewentoutinJuly1862,hewassearchedbythegendarmeriefortwoconsecutivedays.Soonheclosedtheschool.In1862Tolstoymarriedthe17-year-oldSofiaAndreiyevnaTolstoya(СофьяАндреевнаТолстая),andSoniawasthedaughteroftheCzar'sphysician,whohad13childrenbeforeandafter.Hisrelationshipwithhiswifeisstillcontroversial,itcanbeconfirmedthatmostofthetimetheylivewell,hiswifetohelphimmanagethemanor,whichmakesTolstoycanbeusedforthefulltimeofliteraryworksofcarved,Here,Tolstoyleftmankindforwarandpeace,AnnaKareninaandotherhandeddownfor.Eachofhisworkshastobemodifiedmanytimes,andhiswifehasalsocarriedouttheworkoftranscribingandpreservingthemanuscript.Afterthewedding,therevolutionarysituationgraduallyintoalowtide,hegraduallyovercometheideologicalcrisis.Heisdivorcedfromsocial,livingintheestate,thepurchaseofindustry,livingafrugal,quiet,harmoniousandhappylife.From1863hewaswritteninsixyearsasamasterpiecewarandpeace.In1866heattendedthemilitarycourttodefendthesoldierSibinin.Hebronwasslapinthefaceofanindecisiveofficer'sabuse,andalthoughitwasrunbyTolstoy,Hebronwasfinallyshot.Thisincidentmadehimbegintoformaviewagainstthecourtandthedeathpenalty.ChangeofmindSeptember1869duetothewaythroughthe参考资料，少熬夜！Arzanas,lateatnightinthehotelsuddenlyfeltaneverhadsadnessandterror.Thisistheso-calledAlzanashorror.Intheautumnof1868tothesummerof1869,hewasinterestedinSchopenhauer'sphilosophyandwasaffected.Fromtheearly1970s,hebegananewideologicalcrisisandanew