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Module6UnexplainedMysteriesoftheNaturalWorld基础知识·梳理考点知识·导练基础知识·梳理抓主干固双基单词拓展1./Iɡ′zIst/vi.存在→n.存在.2./kɑːm/adj.平静的v.(使)平静;镇定n.平静;安静;宁静3./ə′dæpt/vi.适应;适合→adj.能适应的→n.适应;改编;改写.4./′fɔːtʃən/n.运气;命运;财富→adj.幸运的→adv.幸运地,幸亏.5./repjʊ′teIʃn/n.名誉;名声6./ə′tæk/vt.袭击;攻击→n.攻击者.7./ʃɑːp/adj.锋利的;尖的→adv.急剧地;突然地→v.(使)变锋利(尖锐,清晰).8./dIsə′pIə/vi.不见;消失→n.不见;消失.existexistencecalmadaptadaptableadaptationfortunefortunatefortunatelyreputationattackattackersharpsharplysharpendisappeardisappearance单词拓展9./mI′stIəriəs/adj.神秘的→n.神秘的事物.10./Ik′stIŋkt/adj.绝种的;消亡了的→n.绝种;消亡.11./I′vɒlv/vi.进化;演变→adj.在进化的.12./dI′strʌkʃn/n.毁坏→adj.破坏性的,毁灭性的→v.毁坏.13./′dʒenərəs/adj.有雅量的;大方的;心地高尚的→n.慷慨;大方.14./ʌnprI′dIktəbl/adj.变化莫测的→adj.可预测的→v.预言,预测.15./′IndIkeIt/vt.象征;暗示→n.象征;暗示→n.指示信号;标志;指示器.16./aI′dentəti/n.身份;特性→v.认出.17./kleIm/vt.声称18./′skeptIkl/adj.怀疑的;不相信的19.dive/daIv/vi..20.positive/′pɒzətIv/adj..mysteriousmysteryextinctextinctionevolveevolvingdestructiondestructivedestroygenerousgenerosityunpredictablepredictablepredictindicateindicationindicatoridentityidentifyclaimsceptical潜水正面的短语记忆1.die灭绝2.comestraightthepoint谈正题;开门见山3.due由于;因……造成4.throwlight帮助弄清楚;阐明某事5.bebackthenews再次被新闻关注6.close靠近;关闭;停业7.berelated...与……相关8.stick伸出9.go选择;努力争取outtotooninuptooutfor句型整理重点语法1.Hearoundblackcreaturemovingquicklythroughthewater.他声称看见一个黑黑的、圆圆的动物在水中快速游动。2.Theysaythatthelow-temperaturelakeis.abletosupportsuchlargelivingcreatures.他们说,水温这样低的湖泊不可能生存有体形如此巨大的动物。3.Othermembersoftheroyalfamilywereallowedtoweardragonsymbols,too,butwithfewerclawsand..也允许皇室的其他成员穿带有龙标志的袍子,但袍子上龙的爪子少了并且颜色也不同。mayhave,mighthave(表达过去的可能性)claimstohaveseenunlikelytobeofadifferentcolour考点知识·导练解疑难提知能1.existv.存在,生存归纳拓展①existin存在于……②existon(=liveon)靠……生存③inexistence存在④comeintoexistence出现;产生英文典例:①Ifitweren’tforRachelCarson,theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday.(2016全国Ⅰ,阅读理解A)如果没有RachelCarson的话,也许就不会有今天的环保运动。came②Thehostagesexistedonbreadandwaterforover5months.人质们靠面包和水生存了5个多月。③Therearethreedifferentversionsofhishealthrecordcurrentlyinexistence.目前他有3份不同的健康记录。(朗文P652)④Scientistshavemanytheoriesabouthowtheuniversefirst.关于一开始宇宙是如何产生的,科学家们有多种论说。intoexistence2.claimv.声称;主张;要求;索赔;认领;夺走(生命)n.断言;权利;要求权;所有权归纳拓展①claimtodosth./that...声称(主张)做某事②claimsth.fromsb.forsth.为……向某人索要……③makeaclaimforsth.要求某物④layclaimto...提出对……的所有权英文典例:①Doctorsacureforthedisease.医生声称已经找到了治疗该疾病的方法。(朗文P318)②Anundergroundorganisationhasclaimedresponsibilityforthebombexplosion.一个地下组织已经声称对这起炸弹爆炸事件负责。③Ifthelandreallybelongstoyou,whydon’tyoulayclaimtoit?如果这块地真正属于你,为什么你不据理力争呢?claimedtohavediscovered3.calmv.(使)平静,镇定adj.平静的,沉着的n.平静;安静;宁静归纳拓展①calmoneself……平静下来②calmdown(使)安静下来③keep/staycalm保持冷静英文典例:①Shewasbreathingquicklyandtriedtocalmherself.她呼吸急促,尽力让自己平静下来。②!There’snothingtoworryabout.冷静点儿!没有什么好担心的。③Itinvolvesslow,steadybreathingforself-controlthathelpspeoplestaycalmandattentive.(2015北京,七选五)它包括缓慢、稳定的呼吸来自我控制,帮助人们保持冷静和专注。Calmdown词语辨析:calm平静的,镇静的。指无风浪或人的心境镇定自若。quiet宁静的,安静的。指没有声音、不吵闹或心里没有烦恼、焦虑。still静止的,不动的。指没有运动或动作的状态。silent寂静的,沉默的,不发音的。指没有声音或不讲话。StaywhileItakephotosofyou.我给你拍照时不要动。Asthecurtainrose,theaudiencefell.幕启时,观众安静下来。Itisimportanttokeepinanemergency.情况紧急的时候,保持镇静是重要的。CouldyoukeepthekidswhileI’monthephone?我在打电话时,你让孩子们安静点好吗?stillsilentcalmquiet4.adaptv.(使)适应;适合;改编;改写归纳拓展①adaptoneselftosth.使自己适应……②adaptto适应③beadaptedfor...为……改编/写;被改编成……④beadaptedfrom...根据……改编英文典例:①WhenwemovedtoFrance,thechildrenadapted(themselves)tothechangeveryquickly.我们搬到法国后,孩子们很快适应了这一变化。②Thematerialscanusewitholderchildren.这些材料改一下可以给大一点的孩子用。(朗文P20)③Thefilmisadaptedfromaplayofthesametitle.这部电影是根据同名剧本改编的。beadaptedfor5.dieout灭绝;(风俗习惯等)消失归纳拓展①dieaway(声音或感情等)慢慢变弱,渐渐消失②diedown(风或噪声等)渐弱;逐渐平息③dieoff先后死去;一一死去④dieof/from...死于……⑤diefor为……而死;渴望英文典例:①TheancientGreektraditionofhospitalitytostrangersisdyingout.希腊向来好客,但这一悠久传统将要成为历史了。②Thestrangenoiseandanabsolutesilenceclosedinuponus.那奇怪的声音慢慢消失了,我们被一片寂静笼罩着。(朗文P517)③Mygrandmotherdiedofgriefsoonafterherhusband’sdeath.祖父去世不久,祖母就因悲伤过度而死了。diedaway6.comestraighttothepoint谈正题;开门见山归纳拓展①cometo/getto/reachthepoint谈正题;直切正题②missthepoint抓不住重点③beside/offthepoint离题的,不重要的④tothepoint简明恰当,简洁中肯⑤There’snopointindoingsth.做某事没有意义⑥onthepointof(doing)sth.正要做某事英文典例:①I’llcomestraighttothepoint—yourworkisn’tgoodenough.我要直截了当地说——你的工作做得不够好。②WasIhearinghimright,orhadIcompletelymissedthepoint?我是听明白了他说的话呢,还是完全没有领会他的意思?(朗文P1505)③Icouldseethattherewasnopointinarguingwithhim.我明白与他争论没有什么意义。④Iwasleavingwhenyoutelephoned.你来电话时,我正要离开。onthepointof写作联想:典例③的其他表达方式①Icouldseethatitmadenosensetoarguewithhim.②Icouldseethatitdidn’tmakeanysensetoarguewithhim.③Icouldseethatitis(of)nousearguingwithhim.7.dueto由于;因……造成;应给予归纳拓展①duetosb./sth.由于、因为……②beduetodosth.预定、预期做某事③beduetosb.应支付,应给予某人④bedueforsth.期望得到某物;应得到某物英文典例:①Nowthatthechancesofdyingyoungaremuchlower,thechancesoflivinglongaremuchhigherduetobetterdietsandhealthcare.(2015广东,完形填空)既然早逝的几率要低得多,那么长寿的几率高得多是由于更好的饮食和卫生保健。②Hisnewbookbepublishednextyear.他的新书预计明年出版。③Acknowledgementisduetoallwhohavelentahelpinghand.谨向所有帮助的人致谢。isdueto特别提示:①当dueto意为“由于;因……造成;应给予”时,其中的to是介词;当dueto意为“即将/预期做……”时,to为不定式符号。另外,还要注意due是形容词。②表示“由于,因为”的介词短语还有becauseof,asaresultof,thanksto等。8.Heclaimst