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ICS29.120.40K31JB/T3907－1999按钮开关1999-05-20发布2000-01-01实施国家机械工业局发布()I前言1范围····················································································································································································································12引用标准·········································································································································································································13术语、符号和代号····················································································································································································24分类、型式和型号····················································································································································································25特性····················································································································································································································46正常工作条件和安装条件·····································································································································································67结构和性能要求··························································································································································································78试验方法·······································································································································································································159检验规则·······································································································································································································2610标志、包装、运输、贮存································································································································································29附录A（标准的附录）按钮开关的型号编制规则················································································································31附录B（标准的附录）按钮开关接线端子的标志与识别方法······················································································33JB/T3907－1999目录()II前言本标准是根据GB/T14048.1—1993《低压开关设备和控制设备总则》和GB14048.5—1993《低压开关设备和控制设备控制电路电器和开关元件第一部分：机电式控制电路电器》对JB3907—85《按钮开关》的修订。本标准与JB3907—85在主要技术内容上有以下差异：1.电气间隙与爬电距离的确定给出了两种方法；2.对急停式按钮开关提出了特殊要求和相应的试验方法；3.增加了焊接型接线端子的结构要求，增加了对螺钉型接线端子连接导线能力的要求以及弯曲试验和拉出试验要求；4.提出了安装部件的机械强度要求的试验方法；5.增加了验证通断操作过电压的要求；6.提高了运输、贮存中耐短时高温的要求；7.增加了附录A《按钮开关型号编制规则》；8.增加了附录B《按钮开关接线端子的标志与识别方法》。本标准自实施之日起代替JB3907—85。本标准的附录A、附录B都是标准的附录。本标准由成都机床电器研究所提出并归口。本标准起草单位：西安机床电器厂、西安腾达电器有限责任公司。本标准主要起草人：关淑范、李桂莲、李军。本标准于1985年2月首次发布。JB/T3907－199911范围本标准规定了按钮开关通用的基本规则和要求，包括定义、特性、正常工作条件、安装条件、结构和性能要求、特性和性能的验证等。本标准适用于交流50（或60）Hz、电压至660V，直流电压至440V电路中作为控制、信号、连锁等用途的按钮开关。2引用标准下列标准所包含的条文，通过在本标准中引用而构成为本标准的条文。本标准出版时，所示版本均为有效。所有标准都会被修订，使用本标准的各方应探讨使用下列标准昀新版本的可能性。GB/T2423.1—1989电工电子产品基本环境试验规程试验A：低温试验方法GB/T2423.2—1989电工电子产品基本环境试验规程试验B：高温试验方法GB/T2423.4—1993电工电子产品基本环境试验规程试验Db：交变湿热试验方法GB/T2828—1987逐批检查计数抽样程序及抽样表（适用于连续批的检查）GB/T2900.18—1992电工术语低压电器GB/T3167—1993金属切削机床操作指示形象化符号GB/T3168—1993数字控制机床操作指示形象化符号GB/T4025—1983指示灯和按钮的颜色GB/T4026—1992电器设备接线端子和特定导线线端的识别及应用字母数字系统的通则GB/T4205—1984控制电气设备的操作件标准运动方向GB/T4207—1984固体绝缘材料在潮湿条件下相比漏电起痕指数和耐漏电起痕指数的测定方法GB/T4942.2—1993低压电器外壳防护等级GB/T5169.4—1985电工电子产品着火危险试验灼热丝试验方法和导则GB/T5226.1—1996工业机械电气设备第一部分：通用技术条件GB/T13384—1992机电产品包装通用技术条件GB/T14048.1—1993低压开关设备和控制设备总则GB14048.5—1993低压开关设备和控制设备控制电路电器和开关元件第一部分：机电式控制电路电器IEC60947–5–5低压开关设备和控制设备第5–5部分：控制电路电器和开关元件—带机械锁闩的紧急停止电器国家机械工业局1999-05-20批准中华人民共和国机械行业标准按钮开关JB/T3907－1999代替JB3907—852000-01-01实施JB/T3907－199923术语、符号和代号3.1定义本标准采用了GB/T2900.18和GB14048.5中与本标准有关的术语及以下定义。3.1.1按钮开关按钮开关是一种用人力操作（手指或手掌），并具有储能复位的控制开关。由操动系统和触头元件所组成。在按钮开关的操动系统中可有一个指示灯。3.1.2组合按钮开关装在同一面板上或同一外壳内的一个或几个按钮开关的组合。3.1.3操动系统按钮开关所有操作部件，它将操动力传递给触头元件。注：操动系统的操作部件可以是机械的、电磁的、气动的等等。3.1.4操动器（操作件）外部操动力施于其上的操动系统的部件。注：操动器可以是按钮、旋钮、手柄、操作杆、滚轮、钥匙等等。3.2符号本标准采用GB14048.5—1993中3.2的符号。3.3代号本标准采用的使用类别代号如表1所示。表1按钮开关的使用类别及代号电流种类使用类别典型用途AC–12控制电阻性负载和光电耦合隔离的固态负载AC–13控制具有变压器隔离的固态负载AC–14控制小容量交流电磁铁负载（≤72VA）ACAC–15控制交流电磁铁负载（＞72VA）DC–12控制电阻性负载和光电耦合隔离的固态负载DC–13控制直流电磁铁DCDC–14控制电路中具有经济电阻的直流电磁铁4分类、型式和型号4.1按操作方式分：a）按钮式；b）旋钮式；c）拉钮式；d）按–拉钮式。4.2按操动系统型式分：a）一般式；b）蘑菇头式；JB/T3907－19993c）带灯式；d）钥匙式；e）锁扣式（包括急停式、起动/接通与停止/断开交替动作的自保持式）；f）旋钮式；g）延时式；h）防护式。4.3按组合按钮的保护型式分：a）开启式；b）保护式。4.4按操动器外表形状分：a）平钮；b）凸钮；c）凹钮；d）蘑菇钮。4.5按安装板前形状分：a）圆钮；b）方钮；c）矩形钮。4.6按安装尺寸分：a）D30；b）D25；c）D22；d）D16；e）D12。4.7按安装方式分：a）板前安装；b）板后安装。4.8按安装类别分：a）安装类别Ⅰ；b）安装类别Ⅱ；c）安装类别Ⅲ。4.9按污染等级分：a）污染等级2；b）污染等级3。4.10按触头有无延时分：a）瞬动触头；b）延时触头：延时接通触头和延时分断触头。JB/T3907－199944.11按触头对数分：1~8对或更多的触头对数。4.12按触头元件的性质分：a）非从动（快动）触头元件；b）从动触头元件。4.13按触头元件的型式分：a）型式X：双断点接通触头元件；b）型式Y：双断点分断触头元件；c）型式Za：包括1对接通触头和1对分断触头的双断点触头元件，其动触头是公用的；d）型式Zb：包括1对接通触头和1对分断触头的双断点触头元件，其2个动触头在电气上是相互绝缘的。触头元件的结构型式见表2。表2按钮开关触头元件的常见型式型式结构图符号说明XY具有2个接线端子的双断点触头元件Za具有4个接线端子的双断点转换触头元件注：同极性触头元件Zb具有4个接线端子的双断点转换触头元件（两动触头在电气上