当前位置:首页 > 商业/管理/HR > 质量控制/管理 > 雅思写作预备4――饼图+表格
WelcometoIELTSWRITING饼状图特点:1.饼状图描述静态数据:百分比或数字。2.除了最大最小的,还有互相一样的和成倍的。写作步骤:1.先审题,再看图2.几张饼,几种馅3.哪个馅儿多,哪个馅儿少4.数字,比率先审题,再看图…isdividedinto…parts分为……部分几张饼,几种馅portionn.一部分,份额segmentn.部分percentagen.百分比proportionn.份额常用词汇哪个馅儿多,哪个馅儿少outnumberv.多于makeup/constitute/accountfor/takeup占(份额)consumethelargest/smallestportion占最大/小的份额separatelyadv.分别地respectivelyadv.各个地,分别地onethird/oneinthree/oneoutofeverythree1/3threequarters3/4therest/theremainder/theremaining剩余部分常用词汇1.“占据”Atakesup/accountfor/constitute/makeupX%oftotal…e.g.在2009年,英国喜欢在休闲时间听音乐的青少年占总青少年人数的41%。In2009,teenagerswholikedlisteningtomusicintheirleisuretimetookup41%ofthetotalinEngland.Aiscomposedof/ismadeupofX%ofB,Y%ofC…e.g.发电的能源由50%的煤,30%的水力发电和20%的油构成。Theenergysourceforpowergenerationiscomposedof50%ofcoal,30%ofhydropowerand20%ofoil.Thepercentage/proportionofAisX%...e.g.在2002年,食物开销占的比例为45%。Thepercentageofexpenditureonfoodwas45%in2002.常用句型2.“倍数”翻番:double/triplee.g.M公司9月的利润比5月翻了一倍。TheprofitofcompanyMdoubledfromMaytoSeptember.A是B的X倍e.g.女生的数量大约是男生的三倍。•倍数+thatof+n.Thenumberofgirlsisabout3timesthatofboys.•倍数+as...asThenumberofgirlsisabout3timesasbigasboys.•倍数+比较级+thanThenumberofgirlsisabouttwicebiggerthanboys.常用句型形容词修饰adj.+比例big:vast,massive,hefty,overwhelmingsmall:tiny,modest,mereP32Practice8、9ThepiechartsbelowshowunitsofelectricityproductionbyfuelsourceinAustraliaandFrancein1980and2000.Summarizetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeatures,andmakecomparisonswhererelevant.在雅思考试中,通常不会只出现一个饼图,而是会多个饼图同时出现饼图第一步:分析X轴和Y轴X1:年代:1980和2000X2:国家:澳大利亚、法国X3:原料种类:煤炭、石油、天然气、水力发电、核能Y:发电量(不是百分比而是实际具体发电量,单位为unit)饼图第二步:分析图形Australia的两个饼图:1980年,煤占比例最大,天然气和水力一样,石油最少2000年,煤占比例更大,水力增大,天然气和石油减到很小都没有核能France的两个饼图:1980年,煤和天然气一样多,石油其次,核能和水力相加等于石油2000年,核能最多,煤和石油相等,水力和天然气很少饼图第三步:确定框架一个图一个图的介绍同时加上年度变化的特征开头段:ThechartscomparethesourcesofelectricityinAustraliaandFranceintheyears1980and2000.(改写题目)Betweentheseyearselectricityproductionalmostdoubled,risingfrom100unitsto170inAustralia,andfrom90to180unitsinFrance.(总述趋势)饼图主体一段:In1980Australiausedcoalasthemainelectricitysource(50units)andtheremainderwasproducedfromnaturalgas,hydropower(eachproducing20units)andoil(whichproducedonly10units).By2000,coalhadbecomethefuelformorethan75%ofelectricityproducedandonlyhydropowercontinuedtobeanothersignificantsourcesupplyingapproximately36units.饼图主体二段:Incontrast,Franceusedcoalasasourceforonly25unitsofelectricityin1980,whichwasmatchedbynaturalgas.Theremaining40unitswereproducedlargelyfromoilandnuclearpower,withhydropowercontributingonly5units.Butby2000nuclearpower,whichwasnotusedatallinAustralia,haddevelopedintothemainsource,producingalmost75%ofelectricity,at126units,whilecoalandoiltogetherproducedonly50units.Othersourceswerenolongersignificant.饼图结尾段:Overall,itisclearthatby2000thesetwocountriesreliedondifferentprincipalfuelsources:AustraliareliedoncoalandFranceonnuclearpower.饼图double/triple:Electricityproductionalmostdoubled.(vi.)Thetwocountriesdoubledtheirelectricityproduction.(vt.)煤是澳大利亚的主要电力来源。CoalwasthemainsourceforelectricityinAustralia.Australiausedcoalasthemainelectricitysource.CoalbecamethemainfueltoproduceelectricityinAustralia.ThemainproportionofelectricitywasproducedfromcoalinAustralia.饼图写作要点:1.介绍各扇面及总体的关系;2.各个扇面之间的比较,同类扇面在不同时间、不同地点的比较3.重点突出特点最明显的扇面:最大的、最小的、互相成倍的饼图表格特点:包含大量数据,写作关键是将这些数据分门别类系统化。写作注意:1.阅读表格时一般先阅读第一列(大分类),其次阅读第一行(小分类);2.阅读过程中注意同类数据的异同、变化特点或规律;3.圈记突出性数据,可写上序号标记描述时遵循的顺序;4.应有对同栏数字数字变化趋势的描述。表示排列的常用句型:1.Aranksfirst,followedbyBat20%andCat15%.A占比例最大,其次是B占20%及C占15%。2.Atthetopofthelistis_____,whichaccountsfor70%.比例最高的是_____,占70%。3.Atthebottomofthelistis_____,whichtakesup20%only.比例最低的是_____,仅占20%。Thetablebelowshowstheconsumerdurables(telephone,refrigerator,etc.)ownedinBritainfrom1972to1983.表格表格第一步:分析X轴和Y轴X1:年代:1972-1983(8年)X2:耐用消费品种类(8种)Y:家庭使用百分比表格第二步:分析图表↑27%↑5%↑8%↑21%↑14%↑2%↑35%主体一段:Ascanbeseenfromthechart,thepercentageofBritishhouseholdswitharangeofconsumerdurablessteadilyincreasedbetween1972and1983.(总述)Thegreatestincreasewasintelephoneownership,risingfrom42%in1972to77%in1983.Nextcamecentralheatingownership,risingfrom37%ofhouseholdsin1972to64%in1983.Thepercentageofhouseholdswitharefrigeratorrose21%overthesameperiodandofthosewithawashingmachineby14%.Householdswithvacuum-cleaners,televisionsanddishwashersincreasedby8%,5%and2%respectively.In1983,theyearofitsintroduction,18%ofhouseholdshadavideorecorder.表格主体二段:ThesignificantsocialchangesreflectedinthestatisticsarethatovertheperiodtheproportionofBritishhouseswithcentralheatingrosefromonetotwothirds,andofthosewithaphonefromunderahalftooverthree-quarters.Togetherwiththebigincreasesintheownershipofwashingmachinesandrefrigerators,theyareevidenceofbothrisingstandardsandthetrendoflifestylesbasedoncomfortandconvenience.表格Thefirstchartbelowshowstheresultsofsurveywhichsampledacross-sectionof100,000peopleaskingiftheytravelledabroadandwhytravelledforperiod1994-98.Thesecondchartshowstheirdestinationsoverthesameperiod.多表格多表格分析:主体段写两个第一段:1994-1998年的旅游原因分为4大类,把每类的最大值、最小值和变化趋势写出来;第二段:旅行去的地区分为3类,把每类的最大值、最小值和变化趋势写出来剩下的非特征数据在这道题里完全可以忽略。表格写作要点:1.横向比较。介绍横向各个数据的
本文标题:雅思写作预备4――饼图+表格
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